The concept of Harekrushna Mahtab State Library was conceived during 1st Five Year Plan under the advice of Government of India and was completed in 1959 with a majestic building of around 16000 sq.ft. Carpet area, enshrined within a beautiful land of 3 acres in a prime location of Capital City of Bhubaneswar. In 1967, it was named as Gandhi Bhawan commemorating birth centenary of Mahatma Gandhi, the father of the nation. The State Library was located in this building, but in a corner only. In 1987 it was renovated and entire space of the four storeyed building was utilized for the functioning of two Libraries i.e. State Library for the entire State of Odisha and another Public Library for Bhubaneswar City.In 1987, Government decided to rename the State Library and the Public Library as Harekrushna Mahtab State Library (in memory of Dr. Harekrushna Mahtab, the builder of modern Odisha) and the Bhubaneswar Public Library respectively. The former is a Reference Library and lending of books are not permitted whereas the latter is a Lending Library for the public of Bhubaneswar City.