Dame Carol Vivien Robinson(born 10 April 1956) is a British chemist. She is a Royal Society Research Professor at the Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory at the University of Oxford, as well as the Dr Lee's Professor of Chemistry Elect. She was previously Professor of Mass Spectrometry at the Department of Chemistry of the University of Cambridge.In 2015 she was L'Oréal-UNESCO Awards for Women in Science For her groundbreaking work in macromolecular mass spectrometry and pioneering gas phase structural biology by probing the structure and reactivity of single proteins and protein complexes, including membrane proteins.