The book aims towards providing the basic and fundamental information to the students and practitioners with a wide-ranging, accessible overviewof the discipline. Suitable for courses in environmental, pharmacological, medical, pharmaceutical and veterinary toxicology. It provides information on the vast herbal and natural medicinal treasure available to us derived from plants, herbs and fruits obtained from traditional agricultural practices. We thank all the contributors/experts for timely submission of their excellent contributions and for their overall cooperation. We also thank many leading scientists in this field who may not contributed directly, but have encouraged or guided us towards successful completion of this project.